Radiator for explosion engines



E. HARTER. RADIATOR FOR EXPLOSION ENGINES. APPLICATION FILED Dac. I3, 1919.

1,421,221., Patented June 27, 1922.

7' Tof/VE Cir AEIlllIILE HARTER, 0F PARIS, FRANCE.

RADIATOR FOR EXPLOSION ENGINES.

Specication of Letters Patent. Patentd June 2'?, 1922,

Application filed December 13, 1919. Serial No. 344,518.

To all whom t may concer/n.'

Be it known that I, EMILE HARTER, a citizen of the Republic of France, and a resident of 4 Square Lamartine, Paris, France, .have invented new and useful Improvements in a Radiator for Explosion Engines, of which the following'is a speciication.

My invention relates to radiators for eX- plosion or internal combustion engines, comprising a turbine or wheel of a centrifugal fan, around which are provided a series of circular tubes concentrically arranged to the axis of the turbine and through which is circulated the cooling water of the motor which may be of a type suitable for use on an automobile.

It has already been proposed, in order to increase the heat-exchanging surface of the apparatus, to provide said tubes with radially la'id gills, but these radial gills are obliquely encountered by the air forced by the turbine or centrifugal fan, in such a manner that they obstruct the flow of air and cause eddies to form so that but a very little amount of air passes between the gills.

According to my invention, I obviate this drawback by having the gills so shaped that they receive and guide the air leaving the centrifugal fan turbine, on its course through the said gills.

This construction allows of obtaining a perfect and complete utilization of `the heatexchanging surface of `the radiator at all speeds of the motor.

rlhe fan may be provided with a series of annular partitions of different internal diameters, arranged at the entrance of the movable varies of the turbine, iconcentrically to the axis of the latter and parallel to its plane of rotation, for the purpose of dividing the airnniformly over the whole area of the vanes and of opposing the sliding of the air towards the disc of the turbine.

In the accompanying drawings- 'l is a side elevation, one in. section, of a radiator in which my invention is embodied in one form;

Fig. is a partial front elevation, one half n e ternal 'vi-ew and one half in section on i Le 2 2 of Fig. l;

F ig. 3 is a more or less diagrammatic front of the radiator with associated for controlling its cooling power. l is a detail view of the gills.

The heat-exchanging portion of the radiator is iXed between the plates In' and M by the manifolds N and O of the gilled tubes. The manifolds have each for this purpose on one side a screw threaded boss P Q, and on the other side a nipple R. S. likewise screw threaded. By means of nuts T and V the whole is held solidly togetherf im correct position, while the tubes and fan are perfectly protected inside the structure.

The upper manifold N allows the eXpansion kof the water which is introduced through' the filler IW containing a gauze and accommodating the upper end of an overflow pipe leading to the bottom of` 'the radiator. s

The manifold diametrically opposite, has a drain pipe Y.

The gilled tubes Z and a are hard soldered to the Ymanifolds N and 0 in bosses of a length equal to the diameter of the tube. The heat-exchanging apparatus is therefore, very robust and resists a pressure of 5 kilogrammes per square eentimetre.

The gills are bent in accordance with Figure 2 or in any other way, tending to obtain the entrance of air without shocks into the heat-exchanging apparatus, and afterwards a molecular rolling of the air over the surface of the gills.

Moreover the gills upon the tubes Z, which receive 'the current of cold air, maybe of a metal having a higher calorirlc conductivity than t`I wt of the tubes a, which is subjected to air already heated by the tubes Z. The metal thus fully utilized, and there is no l ight. Y

e intake to the movable varies of the is arranged a series of annular parlo, of different internal diameters,

titio-ns ooncentrically positioned with respectto the axis of the tu lll@ roe -Y ine and parallel to its plane Elio of rotation, V,for the purpose of dividing the air uniformly over the whole area of the vanes and of opposing the sliding of the air towards the disc C ofthe turbine. The partitionsthus constitute a correcting distributor of the air. They are fixed by means of rods, rings and washers to the lugs c, cast 1ijntegral with the plate L of the fan cham- The air leaves the apparatus through a perforated metal sheet ci supported by the plates L and M.

rlhe circulating water enters the apparatus through the nozzle R of the upper manifold N, passes through the tubes Z and a to the lower manifold O, which it leaves by the nipple S.

The fan is driven by belt upon the pulley e.

The constitution of the heat-exchanging surface of the radiator hereabove described, by vanes or gills curved in such a way as to guide the air discharged by the fan, presents the advantage of allowing the easy regulation of the external temperature. It suffices :5er this purpose to dispose y,and direct the gills in such a way as to create two air currents symmetrical in relation to an axial plane of the apparatus, which currents are obliged, in order to reach the free air, to traverse exit openings capable of being obstructed to a greater or less extent by a system of adjustable registers. by closing the registers more or less, according as the external temperature is lower 4or higher, the temperature of the water cooled by the radiator may be arranged to be always constant. This method presents the additional advantage of allowing the vehicle to.

be easily and effectively heated.

' Whenthe registers are partly closed, as in the case when the external temperature is low, the hot air leaving the heat-exchanging surface is kept under pressure; this static pressure of the air is utilized :to convey it through suitable piping into the body of the vehicle. lt is desirable to provide this piping with an air filter to arrest dust and with a register to allow of regulating the supply of hot air;

A form of construction of a radiator in accordance with the foregoing is represented diagrammatically by way of example in Figure 3, which shows a front view of the radiator with its fan.

A is the fan or turbine wheel, O and N the manifolds, a the gilled tubes. The gills al on the right are bent in such a way that the hot air at its exit is directed as indicated by the arrow m1 along the casing d of the radiator which is formed of an unperforated sheet of metal; the gills a2 on the left are cambered in the opposite way so that the air is directed as shown by the arrow x2. There l are thus obtained two gaseous currents which are directed towards the exitn orifices 051 032 In this way,

. provided withiLouvre-registers for example and adapt-ed to be controlled from a distance by the driver of the vehicle.

At one or more points in the radiator there may be arranged hot-air connections r which communicate with the interior of the bodywork of the vehicle through a pipe r provided with an adjusting damper r2 and a. filter r3 arranged in the heat-nozzle r4.

aving now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare what l claim is l. A radiator for explosion engines, comprising a centrifugal fan turbine, tubes concentrically arranged around said turbine, means for circulating cooling water through said tubes, gills on the tubes so shaped that the air leaving the fan turbine is guided without shocks or eddies to its exit passage from the radiator, said gills forming the heat exchanging surface of the radiator, together with a series of annular partitions of different internal diameters, arranged at the intake to the movable vanes of the turbine, concentrically to the axis of the latter and parallel to its plane of rotation, and serving1 tov distribute the air uniformly over the whole area of the vanes and to oppose the sliding of the air towards the disc of the turbine. l l

2*. A radiator for explosion engines, comprising a centrifugal fan turbine, tubes concentrically arranged around said turbine, means for circulating cooling water through 100 said tubes, and gills on the tubes so shaped that the air leaving the fan turbine is guided without shocks or eddies to its exit passage kfrom the radiator, said gills forming the heat exchanging surface of the radiator, a closed casing surrounding the gilled tubes, exit openings in said casing, the gills being so shaped as to create currents of hot air directed towards the said openings, and means controlling the said openings.

3. A radiator for explosion engines, com'- prising a centrifugal fan turbine, tubes concentrically arranged around said turbine, means for circulating cooling water throughv saidtubes, and gills on the tubes so sha ed 115. that the air leaving the fan turbine is 'gui ed without shocks or eddies to its exit passage from 'the radiator, said gills forming t e heat exchanging surface of the radiator, a closed casing surrounding the gilled tubes, 12C exit openings in the bottom of said casing, on either side of the pla-ne of symmetry of the apparatus, means controlling said openings, the gills of the cooling tubes being so directed, on either side of the plane of symmetry of the apparatus, as to create two currents of hot air, symmetrical in relation to said plane and leading to the said adjustable exit openings. i

4.- In a vehicle carrying an explosion engine, a radiator for the explosion engine, comprising a centrifugal fan turbine, circub lar tubes concentrioally arranged around said 10 face of the radiator', a casing surrounding the illed tubes, and means for leading hot air trom the casing to the interior of the vehicle for the purpose of heating the latter.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

EMILE HARTER.

Witnesses:

JACQUES ANNENGARD, W. DEFVREMONT. 

